MPGN is not a specific disease, it is a pattern of injury seen on light microscopy of kidney biopsy. Membrano - Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary walls Proliferative - Increased number of cells in the glomeruli Therefore MPGN is when glomeruli have both thickened capillary walls and an increased number of cells. This
You’ve evaluated an acid base disorder. You diagnosed a metabolic acidosis: pH: Low Serum Bicarbonate (HCO3): Low pC02: Low How do you figure out what caused it? This article will provide a framework for differential diagnosis - looking at the: Anion Gap - Is it elevated? Delta - Delta - What’s that? Osmolar
IgA Nephropathy may be the most common glomerulonephritis (GN) in the world. It is most common in East Asians (Chinese and Japanese), relatively common in Caucasians and relatively rare in people of African descent. IgA nephropathy can have a wide range of presentations with variable prognosis. This article will discuss: Clinical presentations Prognosis
Nephrotoxicity from Chemotherapy There are many different mechanisms of nephrotoxicity from chemotherapeutic drugs. These include indirect and direct renal toxicity. Indirect mechanisms Prerenal AKI due to hypovolemia from chemo induced nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea Ischemic acute tubular necrosis (ATN) from neutropenic sepsis or cytokine release syndrome (seen in CAR-T therapy) Direct mechanisms Nephrotoxic
Membranous nephropathy is an important cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. This condition is exciting in nephrology because the pathogenic antibody for the majority of cases of primary idiopathic membranous nephropathy has been discovered. This is the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody. Clinical Presentation Often presents as full blown nephrotic syndrome with severe
Two parts of trusting your gut: If something doesn’t make sense it probably isn’t right. Take a step back and look again. Don’t go along with something you don’t believe. What is the FeNa? The FeNa is the percent of sodium filtered by the kidneys (glomeruli) that is excreted in the urine. What
FSGS is a pathologic description meaning a part (segment) of some of the glomeruli (focal) are scarred (sclerosis). Since scarring is the end result of most glomerular injury, anything that is severe enough for long enough will end up causing sclerosis. It’s like minimal change disease, but worse. It is a more common
This is a topic that is often given as a reason by students and residents for choosing a nephrology elective, wanting to understand acid base disorders. There are multiple ways to assess acid base status. Physiologic Approach Base Excess Approach Stewart Method Nephrologists use the Physiologic approach. What is this? There is an
Minimal change disease is a glomerular disease that causes nephrotic syndrome and the first one I’ll be reviewing in this series. Called minimal change as the glomeruli look normal (there are minimal glomerular changes) on light microscopy. Also referred to NIL disease, not sure why they called it that. NIL might be an
So some people don’t think contrast nephropathy is real (Don’t look up). The American College of Radiology and National Kidney Foundation looked at the data: Use of Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Media in Patients with Kidney Disease: Consensus Statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation It is also reviewed
