Treatment of Kidney Stones. Once we know or deduce the type of kidney stone, the next focus is treatment. In a patient with recurrent nephrolithiasis, treatment is secondary prevention. That is prevention of stone growth or new stone forming. Acute stones that are passing are typically managed by urology as they may require
Kidney stones are common and the incidence is increasing. Knowledge of management and prevention is imperative. This article will approach diagnosis. Not diagnosing that a patient has a kidney stone, but diagnosing the type of stone and assessing for secondary causes in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis. Types of Kidney Stones The five most
Interstitial Nephritis is an important cause of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This article will talk about Acute Interstitial nephritis (AIN) AIN may be difficult to diagnose. AIN is relatively common. 1 study found that 12.9% of renal biopsies for AKI showed interstitial nephritis. AIN may cause severe AKI
Dialyzers are where dialysis, the blood purification takes place. This article will address: Dialyzer Components Types of Dialysis Membranes Sterilization Techniques Dialyzer Reactions Dialyzer Components Dialyzers are composed of an outer capsule or shell in which the membranes are located. Capsule / Shell There are 2 components to the capsule/ shell in which
Which patients with kidney disease should be screened for monoclonal gammopathy? Assessment for paraproteins is important for the evaluation of most kidney diseases. Paraproteins can be associated with a wide spectrum of renal manifestations including: Acute Kidney Injury Chronic Kidney Disease Proteinuria +/- Nephrotic syndrome Proximal Tubulopathies (i.e. Fanconi syndrome) Patients should be
Why Calculate Creatinine Clearance? Creatinine clearance is an estimate of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). It is a useful estimate of GFR because: Creatinine is produced by the body in relatively stable amounts Creatinine is eliminated by the kidneys. The majority of this renal clearance is by glomerular filtration, a small amount is eliminated
What happens if you only have one kidney? Causes of a Solitary Kidney First, what are the reasons that someone would have only one kidney? These can be broken down to congenital or acquired. Congenital Some are born with only one or one functional kidney. This can be because: The kidney never formed
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT). Slow dialysis for critically ill hemodynamically unstable patients. The main benefit of CRRT is that it is better at treating and preventing volume overload in these patients. The main benefit of CRRT. Volume management. It allows for ultrafiltration at a slower rate. How do we decide on ultrafiltration
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is a form of slow dialysis for critically ill hemodynamically unstable patients. Why is it used? CRRT has NOT been shown to be associated with improved outcomes (mortality or renal recovery) then intermittent hemodialysis. CRRT is considered to be better tolerated than intermittent hemodialysis hemodynamically unstable patients. CRRT
Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) blockers are renoprotective and often used in chronic kidney disease (CKD). RAS blockers include: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) These medications have proven benefits in proteinuric CKD Proteinuria: What is it and How I Treat | BCNephro , including microalbuminuria in patients with diabetic kidney
