Immunosuppression is required for kidney transplantation. The foreign antigens on the kidney allograft are recognized by the patient's immune system. Without immunosuppression this will lead to rejection of the kidney. Immunosuppression is composed of induction and maintenance. The immunologic risk of rejection is highest immediately after transplant and decreases with time. Most cases
Kidney transplantation involves the introduction of foreign antigens that are recognized by the patient's immune system. For this reason immunosuppression is required to prevent rejection. Cross matching is required to determine if a transplant is compatible. HLA testing informs the long term prognosis of the allograft. Matching People may think the donor kidney
The following alcohols can be ingested and lead to toxicity: Ethanol Ethylene glycol Methanol Propylene glycol Diethylene glycol Isopropanol Although ethanol intoxication may be obvious and levels are readily available, diagnosis of other alcohol toxicity is more difficult. Levels are often send-out tests with results not available in a manner timely enough to
Thiazide (and thiazide like) diuretics are important medications for the treatment of hypertension (HTN). Thiazide diuretics contain a benzothiadiazine core (hence the name thiazide). Thiazide-like diuretics have the same physiologic effect of blocking the Na+Cl- cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule, but do not contain the benzothiadiazine core. This article will use the
