Many, if not most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) will have indications and benefit from pharmacologic treatment of hyperlipidemia. Despite this patients and some clinicians may have concerns about nephrotoxicity with use of these medications. This article will review the data regarding renal safety and the potential for adverse renal effects of
What Is Abiraterone? Abiraterone (Zytiga) is a medication used in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. It works by decreasing the production of androgens in the testes, adrenal glands and the prostate tumor (androgen deprivation therapy). Abiraterone inhibits the enzyme Cytochrome P450 C17A1 (CYP17A1). This enzyme has two functions: 17𝝰-hydroxylase 17,20 lyase Inhibition
Alport syndrome is the most common inherited kidney disease, more prevalent than autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Awareness of this condition, particularly the autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant variants, has increased as genetic testing has become mainstream. What is Alport syndrome? Alport syndrome is a genetic condition with an abnormality of type
Creatine and creatinine sound similar, similar enough that patients may mistake them. And then there’s creatinine kinase (CK) or creatinine phosphokinase (CPK). If you’ve wondered what the difference is you're in luck - read on. Creatine Creatine is a molecule composed of 3 amino acids: glycine, arginine, and methionine. 90% of creatine is
Bisphosphonates and denosumab are anti resorptive medications used for the treatment of: Osteoporosis Hypercalcemia, especially hypercalcemia of malignancy Hypercalcemia, Nephrology and the Milk Alkali Syndrome @BCNephro Hypercalcemia BCNephro Malignancy, particularly multiple myeloma and bone metastasis with solid tumors (prostate, breast, lung) Both classes of medications exert their anti resorptive effects by inhibiting osteoclast
What is the Anion Gap? The anion gap is used in the diagnosis and evaluation of metabolic acidosis and is calculated by the following equation. Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-) In reality all of the positive and negative charges in the body are equal. This equation only includes the major anions and cations.
What is a Renal Scan? A nuclear medicine renal scan involves imaging with a compound taken up by the kidney that is bound to a radioisotope. There are different compounds used that are bound to the radioisotope technetium: MAG3: 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid Most common compound used for renal scans Rapid extraction by renal
Is protein bad for the kidney? Should protein be restricted? Are there downsides to restricting protein? These questions will be addressed below. There are a wide range of recommendations for dietary protein intake for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and in general. Reasons Why High Protein May be Harmful in Kidney Disease
Can MRI contrast be safely given to a patient with kidney disease? Iodinated contrast for CT or angiography is known to be associated with nephrotoxicity. Contrast Nephropathy does it exist? How to make it not happen | BCNephro Therefore it is reasonable to have concerns regarding MRI contrast. What is MRI Contrast? MRI
Intravenous fluids (IVF) are frequently prescribed and comprise multiple formulations that may be hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic to plasma.. To understand appropriate administration of IV fluids, an understanding of fluid distribution in the body is necessary. Overview of physiology of body fluid Total Body Water (TBW) Total body water is typically estimated as:
