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Monthly Archives: September 2023

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Glomerulonephritis: Hematuria and the Nephritic Syndrome

What is glomerulonephritis? Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomerulus.  This is may be manifest by: Clinical Findings: Glomerular hematuria Variable proteinuria (typically sub nephrotic may be nephrotic) Leukocyturia (variable) Impaired kidney function (variable) Hypertension (variable) May be renal limited or associated with systemic inflammation (vasculitis) Pathologic Findings: Glomerular hypercellularity Crescents (indicate more severe

By |2024-03-13T13:16:19+00:00September 27th, 2023|Kidney Disease|1 Comment

Hypernatremia

Hypernatremia like hyponatremia is all about water. Hyponatremia indicates intracellular water excess (overhydration). Hypernatremia means the opposite, too little water.  (At least too little water relative to sodium).  This is dehydration.   It indicates intracellular dehydration. This article will address: Pathophysiology Approach to Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypernatremia Diagnostic Algorithm Treatment Pathophysiology What happens

By |2023-12-09T00:48:26+00:00September 20th, 2023|Hypernatremia|0 Comments

Dialysis Round Primer- Hypertension and Volume Status

Hypertension is a prevalent issue in dialysis patients. Mechanisms of Hypertension in ESRD patients Sodium and Volume Overload Sympathetic Overactivity Renin Angiotensin System Activation Sodium and Volume Overload The cornerstone of blood pressure control is volume management. In non ESRD patients with hypertension (HTN), sodium/ volume overload is a reason for an inability

By |2023-12-10T20:04:04+00:00September 13th, 2023|Dialysis|0 Comments
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